I often compare my child to a superhero. Let's be honest, Little J is probably cooler than Superman.
And we know that Superman can do pretty much anything. He has supernatural powers. His vulnerability is only revealed when he encounters kryptonite.
Like Superman, Jayson has supernatural powers. He conquers every villain that comes his way. However, Jayson's vulnerability is revealed by his own version of kryptonite-- KETOACIDOSIS.
What is ketoacidosis, exactly?
Ketoacidosis: A life threatening condition in which your body has a dangerously high amount of ketones which makes your blood too acidic which can change the normal functioning of internal organs like your liver and kidney. Without treatment, sufferers can go into a coma or die.
(http://www.healthline.com/health/ketosis-vs-ketoacidosis#Overview1)
Sounds scary, doesn't it? It is.
Jayson has been in ketoacidosis many times. When he first started the Ketogenic diet, he struggled big time. They told us we were one of the very unlucky few who struggled with managing blood sugars and ketones. Jayson had high levels of ketones very quickly with a lower ratio of the diet. Most kids start out at a 3:1 ratio and work their way up to a 4:1 to get in an optimum level of ketosis. Jayson started out too acidic on a 3:1 ratio. After months of experimenting, we tried 2.75:1 and then lowered to 2.5:1. Finally Jayson was out of acidosis on a regular basis, but the smallest thing could send him into acidosis again. The keto team told us that technically such a low ratio is considered an Atkins diet and not the Keto diet. I had to remind them that if the results were the same at 2.5:1 compared to 4:1, it was still the Keto diet. Jayson had high levels of ketones and was in ketosis with just a small ratio. This told us something about his metabolic system, but we didn't know exactly what. He was just different. Unique. Complex. Tell us something we didn't know. :)
Any time Jayson got ill, he got acidic. Stomach viruses were his worst enemy. Unfortunately, he's battled FOUR stomach viruses in just a year while he was on the diet. After bouts of vomiting he would go in and out of consciousness and be as limp as could be. He couldn't lift his head and was extremely tired and lethargic. He would vomit for days and weeks, instead of just hours like normal kids. He couldn't regulate his body sugars or tolerate any tube feedings, even clear liquids. His gut would literally shut down and he's suffer from post-viral gastroparesis every time. It would take weeks to months to get him back on his typical feeding regimen with tube feeds. Oral feeds took much longer. Due to the complex nature of balancing sugars and ketones, Jayson ended up in severe ketoacidosis with every stomach bug and was usually hospitalized or at the very least treated in the ER with iv fluids. For those familiar with labs, the diet, etc. it may surprise you to know his bicarb would get down to 12. TWELVE. Normal low is 18-19. And he didn't look as sick as he clearly was during these times. Since Jayson responded so differently to the diet in general, illness, clear liquids and feeds, we did not receive many answers or much support during these illnesses and experiences with ketoacidosis. It was very frustrating and unsettling. Our hospital only has a two person Keto team consisting of a neurologist and a dietician. I have been surprised at the keto neurologist's lack of knowledge about the diet, honestly. I was given a small book during training and told to read a larger book once we started the diet. When I would talk to this neurologist about things I had done or tried to treat acidosis or illness she would question me, and I would remind her that it is what it said to do in the books... that she gave me! It was literally Keto Diet 101 level of information that she should have known. The dietician had been more helpful, but she wasn't a doctor which hindered her knowledge and ability to give recommendations. This team only works or is available a couple of days a week, and absolutely NOBODY else is familiar with the diet. Not other neurologists, not hospitalists, not the ER, not nurses. NOBODY. Only this team and the parents. Not very reassuring, is it? We had stopped our follow up visits with the Keto team because quite frankly they were a waste of time. Including them, we had 19 doctors, and it was getting exhausting traveling to Prinary's all of the time. They couldn't answer my questions and they could only report how different Jayson is, how he shouldn't be on the diet because his seizures don't register on an EEG, and how complex he is. Because of our knowledge of Jayson, our team and I decided we could manage this diet and monitor his labs on our own. That served us well, until times of crisis.

So we've been here before. We've been down this ketoacidosis road without much support in the past. But this latest experience takes the cake, honestly. I had to take some time before I could write this post because I feared I may let my anger and frustration show a little too much. I am more composed, so I will try and relay last month's events in a calm manner.
During our Comprehensive Care appointment at the end of November, the Keto dietician popped in and asked how Jayson was doing on the diet. He was doing so well! It had been a year and a half on the diet already, and the average time kids are on the diet was 1-2 years. We talked about looking into weaning off of the diet over the next summer. Kids often maintain their reduced seizure status after getting off of the diet, which is exciting! She also said we were overdue for labs. Oops, we were! So we took him downstairs for a blood draw and I got a call a couple of days later letting me know his potassium levels were pretty high. This can be caused by the supplement he is on to help control his acidosis, called Cytra K Crystals. We have had to increase his dose quite a bit in the past to keep him out of acidosis, even on a low ratio of the diet. She said that it is possible that Jayson's body had adjusted to the diet and could maintain a normal bicarb without such a high dose of Cytra K, so we halved the dose to see how he would do in hopes of decreasing his potassium levels. Two weeks went by without noticing a big change, but he got more headaches. One Sunday he got his worst migraine he has ever had. It lasted from about 10am until 10pm without much relief. He was sensitive to lights, sounds, smells, touch, everything. He just rubbed his head and cried and he couldn't sleep! I was beside myself. I didn't know what to do. Motrin and Tylenol weren't helping, and I called on-call doctors who all said to bring him into the hospital. But I knew what would be awaiting us in the hospital-- RSV, Adenovirus, Coronavirus and Influenza. It's that special time of year! Finally Benadryl helped him sleep and he woke up better in the morning, but still struggling. He was much improved by that night and back to himself the following morning.... for a few hours. I got a quickly returned call that day from neurology and our neurologist suggested we add a migraine preventative-- Topamax. I was concerned; Jayson is on so many meds already. THIRTEEN! I asked if it would interact with anything he is on, and the doctor told me he checked and no it did not. We started it that night and knew it could take a while to work and that it may come with some side effects, although we were told they would be minimal due to the small dose. The following day, we noticed a steady decline. Lethargy. Out of it. Neurologically impaired. Rubbing head and eyes. Unsteady gait and dizziness. Lack of oral sounds. Unwillingness to stand or walk. Sleepiness. Sudden appearance of seizures and neurological episodes. Dysautonomia. Super dry skin. At first I attributed it to the migraines. My migraines can affect me for days up to weeks, so maybe he needed time to recover?? My gut told me differently.

After a couple of days, I became more concerned and thought I would take him to the pediatrician to be assessed. Maybe he had an ear infection causing seizures and then causing all of the other neurological signs. He had also suddenly gotten petechiae all around both of his eyes. This could be a sign of something serious, so we headed to the doctor's office quickly. A lot of the signs were subtle, things only Mike, family, his nurse and I would notice. But I hoped our pediatrician would listen. Unfortunately, he did not. He assessed Jayson and said he looked and seemed fine. I reminded him of what I had been seeing and asked if I should contact the neurologist or neurosurgeon. He said no, he wasn't worried. Whatever I was seeing was likely related to the migraines and would soon go away. I asked about the Topamax, and if it was too early to see side effects. Could it be interacting with one of his other meds even though the neurologist said it didn't? Our pediatrician agreed to check. He was reading through and read out loud, "Do not take Topamax if on the Ketogenic Diet. Will result in acidosis." That read like a gut punch. Wow. But I knew acidosis, and this wasn't acidosis...was it? Our pediatrician didn't think so, and he sent us on our way. Of course Jayson had a seizure right after the doctor left the room. Awesome. I cried almost the whole ride home. Something was wrong, terribly wrong. I knew it in my gut, but no one was listening. I feared what the next hours and days would bring. I tried to put it out of my mind, but Jayson slowly got worse and worse as the hours went on. I revisited the idea of acidosis. It had been over 6 months since we encountered acidosis. I know Jayson didn't present like typical kids. Did I list the symptoms anywhere?? Thank goodness for social media. I got on and read through past blog posts. I did a search in my medical groups on Facebook and found other times I asked questions about acidosis in my support groups listing Jayson's symptoms. I did a search for past emails between me and Jayson's keto team. Yes. Everything I read matched Jayson's symptoms. We were dealing with acidosis. It was too late to do anything besides send emails to doctors that night, but I restarted his Cytra K Crystals hoping that would help.
By morning Jayson couldn't wake. He slept until 2 pm and was not able to wake, despite how hard his nurse and I tried. Once he woke, he just laid down and struggled to lift his head. It was bad. And I heard from NO ONE. Crickets. I remembered the Keto team only worked a couple of days a week. Awesome. Today was not that day. I remembered they told me the treatment for acidosis at home was 1-2 ounces of apple juice, so I started it. Within 30 minutes Jayson was standing, chattering and playing again. I was right. I knew 100% I was right. This was acidosis. After 6 hours, Jayson was again going in and out of consciousness and was neurologically impaired again. Another dose of apple juice, and he was better. We continued this through the night and I hoped to hear from the Keto team the next day or knew we'd be taking him to the hospital.
Thank goodness they responded. The dietician confirmed 100% it was acidosis. She told me to add back the Cytra K Crystals and to use apple juice. I told her I had been, but the Cytra K Crystals weren't pulling him out of acidosis and the apple juice was only helping temporarily. I asked if he needed labs, but they said he knew based on his current symptoms and his history of a low bicarb that he was in acidosis. There was no reason to expose him to illnesses at the hospital for a blood draw. I agreed. She said it was a mistake to add the Topamax because it causes acidosis in kids not on the diet, but especially for kids on the diet. And Jayson was already prone to acidosis. However, she said that since we were thinking about weaning the diet soon anyway, we could leave him on Topamax and work with the diet for now. The Keto neurologist was out of town so we couldn't ask about taking him off of Topamax just yet. It was Friday with a weekend coming up, so she gave us the formula for his tube feeds to lower the ratio to 2:1 in case he stayed in acidosis. She was certain if we weaned his diet down this would pull him out. We found ourselves needing to give more and more apple juice that night, so we decided to wean the diet down to 2:1 hoping to help him out of acidosis. We spent all weekend at that ratio and still needed to give apple juice regularly. Things were still not well.
We heard from the Keto dietician again on Monday. She said that Jayson's metabolic system is different and due to a lack of diagnosis we aren't sure why. He may be so sensitive to acidosis that the Topamax alone without the diet may send him into acidosis. She said it had been too long, 8+ days, that Jayson had been in acidosis. She recommended an cold turkey stop on the ketogenic diet all together. She feared we had been giving him so much apple juice anyway that his body is not staying in ketosis. We had to wait for confirmation from the Keto neurologist. The next day, we heard from the dietician on behalf of the Keto neurologist as well as our own neurologist. We were to do a cold turkey stop on BOTH the diet AND Topamax. Both of these typically require a slow wean. I was uncomfortable and nervous, but at the same time it felt right. My poor child had been in metabolic crisis for over 9 days. Something drastic needed to be done. Perhaps two drastic things needed to be done?? I got online and asked mommy experts in ketogenic diet support groups about the hard stops on both of these. They flipped the crap out. Many kids go inpatient to wean off of either Topamax of the diet. We were managing this all at home. Most kids are treated inpatient for ketoacidosis. Mine was treated with apple juice at home. I had long been shocked and appalled to see the lack of support and care for our Utah kids on the ketogenic diet, but this time it blew my mind and infuriated me. I felt instantly like I had wronged my son by keeping him home and following doctors orders. I was scared for him for many days and never took him in because his doctors said he was okay. We never did labs, how do we know he was okay? How did we know he would be okay?? I wanted to instantly take him in to be treated for acidosis and be supported in the hospital during such harsh weans, but I feared the repercussions. When one ignorant hospitalist over a year ago accuses you of over-medicalizing your child and it is in his permanent file and his chart is flagged, it makes you question absolutely EVERYTHING, especially taking him into the hospital against doctors' orders. I was so torn. I finally allowed myself the complete and utter meltdown I deserved after watching my child suffer for over 9 days due to his doctors' negligence and there was not a damn thing I could do about it.
I prepared myself to descend deeper into hell over the next few days with the hard weans. But my child is superman. No, he's stronger than superman. His body was in such crisis for those previous 9+ days, that a hard stop to his med and the diet actually HELPED his body. Let that settle for a minute.... It usually takes weeks to months to wean off of the keto diet, and weeks to wean off of Topamax. Doing either cold turkey would send your body into complete crisis full of pain, seizures, headaches, vomiting, etc. But my child's body was already so critical that doing those two hard weans, it actually IMPROVED his health. Wow. It didn't get better quickly, and there were a lot of ups and downs. After 4 days, I tried to send him back to school and he didn't make it.

I called his pediatrician and relayed the symptoms and that he once again was sleeping until the afternoon. They said he was still experiencing acidosis, and likely would for a while longer while his body adjusted. Really??? 2 full weeks of acidosis?!!! I asked if we could please draw labs. Jayson likely needed fluids and some help to get through this. He has been trying to get through this for two weeks on his own. My pediatrician's response? No. Not necessary. See you next week at his well-check. Sigh... So we gave him another few days, at home, with the help of apple juice. Slowly, little by little, we saw signs of our little boy coming back to us. It had been weeks since we had seen his silly, hyper personality. It had been weeks since we heard his sweet vocalizations. It had been weeks since we saw him truly play and love life. I missed him. Oh, how I missed him SO MUCH. And every time we are in this situation, I fear that my baby may never come back to me. But thank God, he did. It took about 3-4 weeks to get Jayson near his baseline. I can finally say over the past 3-4 days, Jayson is back 110%. Better than ever. Happy, hyper, silly and overflowing with energy. Stopping the diet was the right thing. I haven't seen such a happy active Jayson. When we started Levodopa, I saw a whole new happy energetic side of Jayson. We just got another dose by stopping the diet, and I'm loving it! This boy is soooo full of life!! I love to see him blossom, and I hope to start weaning more and more meds until we can see the TRUE Jayson without side effects of medications.

It hasn't been all roses, clearly. It was hell for weeks. But on top of that, Jayson's poor body experienced more seizures and neurological episodes upon stopping the diet. His body started having uncontrollable spasms that were so severe they startled strangers and loved ones. They made him cry and ask for us to help him by putting our hands on his body and signing please. It's been heartbreaking. His pulse ox started alarming at night due to low heart rates again, which we hadn't experienced in a very long time thanks to the Keto diet and levodopa. He was having small constant spasms in his sleep that would get so severe they woke him up. I feared this was our new normal off of the diet. Given the fact his body is prone to acidosis and that his seizures never register on an EEG and we believe many of his seizures were actually episodes due to this Paroxysmal Tonic Upgaze, we knew doctors would NEVER put him back on the Ketogenic diet, even if we begged and had proof of how much it helped. I started to mourn, thinking these jerks, spasms, and neuro episodes may be our new norm and we would have to help Jayson cope with them. We are so grateful and happy to announce, this is no longer the case!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! The past 4 days, Jayson has done sooooo well!! Yes, there is still an increase in jerks, spasms, and body movements. But they aren't clustering like a week or two before. They aren't making Jayson sad or frustrated, and they are more subtle so only close family members even notice them. We can live with this. Jayson's got this.

Off of the Keto diet, Jayson is taking off!!! He ate birthday cake and ice cream on his birthday!! He is trying new foods and drinks almost daily. He is suddenly eating up to 20 oz of purees a day and drinking up to 16 ounces of thickened liquids a day (on a good day). He loves eating and he loves life! We have loved the Ketogenic diet. It helped Jayson so very much with his seizures and neurological episodes. His doctors and I saw such physical, medical and cognitive improvement on this diet. Now we hope that those good things continue like they do for so many other kids! But now, off of the diet, our son has more energy and isn't battling acidosis on a regular basis. He was able to get off of 3 medications with more on the way! He can eat, taste and experience life better off of the diet. We feel so blessed even though we are angry. Several of our doctors created a large problem for us. Their combined mistakes caused my child to suffer for weeks, again. It's maddening, infuriating, and disheartening. But today, I'm letting that go. Because today I have happy, hyper, silly active boy who is dragging me away from my computer asking me to eat! Life is good. God is good. This was likely all part of His plan, and we are so grateful.


So long Ketogenic Diet.
I don't think we will miss you!